Why 'Learning Through Play' is the Modern Trend in Early Childhood Education?

The early years of a child’s life lay the foundation for lifelong learning, social development, and well-being. With the growing emphasis on holistic child development, "learning through play" has emerged as a pivotal educational approach in preschools worldwide. This modern trend is not just a passing phenomenon; it is rooted in decades of scientific research and practical application across various educational systems, including those in Finland, the USA, the UK, South Korea, Japan, and Vietnam.

This article explores the core principles behind the "learning through play" approach, its benefits, and why it aligns with the future of early childhood education.

1. Understanding 'Learning Through Play'

"Learning through play" integrates structured and unstructured play activities into educational frameworks, allowing children to explore, imagine, and interact with their environment. Unlike rote memorization or direct instruction, this method prioritizes active engagement, fostering curiosity and creativity.

Scientific Foundations

A landmark study by Hirsh-Pasek et al. (2009, USA) demonstrated that children engaged in play-based learning develop superior problem-solving skills and creativity compared to those taught through traditional methods.
The Finnish National Core Curriculum for Early Childhood Education and Care (2016) highlights play as a primary method of learning, emphasizing its role in nurturing autonomy, collaboration, and resilience.

2. The Benefits of Learning Through Play

Playful learning environments support language development.

2.1 Cognitive Development

Play stimulates brain development by creating neural connections essential for critical thinking and problem-solving. According to the University of Cambridge (UK, 2018), playful learning enhances memory retention and cognitive flexibility, key components of executive functioning.

2.2 Social and Emotional Skills

Interactive play fosters communication, empathy, and conflict resolution. Research by Park & Kim (2017, South Korea) found that collaborative play activities significantly improve children's emotional intelligence, helping them navigate relationships and regulate emotions.

2.3 Language Acquisition

Playful learning environments support language development. For instance, unstructured play with peers encourages conversational skills, while guided play introduces vocabulary in meaningful contexts. A study in Japan (Yoshikawa et al., 2021) revealed that children immersed in play-based bilingual settings exhibited higher proficiency in both languages.

2.4 Physical Development

Motor skills are honed through physical play, such as climbing, running, or manipulating objects. According to Vietnam's Ministry of Education and Training (2022), integrating gross motor activities in preschools improves coordination, agility, and overall health.

3. Why 'Learning Through Play' is the Modern Trend

3.1 A Response to Over-structured Education

In many traditional systems, young children are subjected to formal academic pressure early on. This can lead to burnout, anxiety, and reduced interest in learning. "Learning through play" counteracts this trend by offering a joyful, pressure-free environment where children naturally develop skills.

Play-based learning adapts to cultural contexts, making it a versatile method.

3.2 Global Recognition of Holistic Development

Countries like Finland and Japan have adopted play-based curricula as part of their national strategies for early education. Finland's success in global education rankings underscores the efficacy of this approach. Similarly, South Korea’s integration of play into STEM education has shown remarkable results in fostering innovation and creativity.

3.3 Alignment with Neuroscience

Neuroscience confirms that children learn best when they are engaged, motivated, and stress-free. Dr. Stuart Brown (USA, 2010) notes that play activates the brain’s reward system, releasing dopamine and enhancing learning retention.

3.4 Adaptability in Diverse Contexts

Play-based learning adapts to cultural contexts, making it a versatile method. In Vietnam, traditional games like ô ăn quan and nhảy dây have been incorporated into modern preschool settings to teach counting, teamwork, and coordination.

4. Examples of 'Learning Through Play' in Practice

4.1 Finland: A Model for the World

In Finnish preschools, children spend most of their day engaging in imaginative play, outdoor activities, and exploration. Teachers act as facilitators, guiding children to make discoveries. This approach fosters autonomy and self-motivation, key traits for lifelong learning.

Vietnamese preschools are increasingly adopting play-based methods

4.2 Japan: Play in Urban Preschools

In densely populated cities, Japanese preschools create indoor play environments that simulate outdoor experiences. Role-playing and storytelling are integrated into lessons, teaching children social norms and creative expression.

4.3 Vietnam: Blending Tradition with Innovation

Vietnamese preschools are increasingly adopting play-based methods, combining modern approaches with cultural traditions. For example, educators use storytelling and puppet shows to teach moral lessons, making abstract concepts tangible for young learners.

5. Addressing Misconceptions About 'Learning Through Play'

Despite its proven benefits, misconceptions persist about play-based learning. Some parents may perceive it as a lack of academic rigour or believe it does not prepare children for primary school.

Scientific Evidence

A 2018 longitudinal study by Marcon (USA) found that children in play-based programs outperform their peers in academic achievement by the age of 10.
In Finland, students who experienced play-based early education consistently demonstrate higher scores in PISA assessments, particularly in problem-solving and teamwork.

Educators must communicate the value of play as a foundational pillar of education, emphasizing its role in building both academic and life skills.

6. How HEI Schools Saigon Central Embraces 'Learning Through Play'

At HEI Schools Saigon Central, "learning through play" is seamlessly woven into daily routines. Inspired by Finnish pedagogy, the curriculum balances free play, guided activities, and structured learning to nurture well-rounded individuals.

Key Features:

Outdoor Exploration: Children engage with nature, fostering environmental awareness and physical health.
Cultural Integration: Traditional Vietnamese games are blended with international methods to create a rich learning environment.
Parent Engagement: Workshops and communication channels help parents understand and support play-based learning at home.

7. The Future of Early Education

As society evolves, the skills required for success—creativity, adaptability, and collaboration—are increasingly emphasized. "Learning through play" is not just an educational approach; it is a pathway to developing future-ready individuals.

Conclusion

The science, practicality, and outcomes of "learning through play" make it the cornerstone of modern early childhood education. By embracing this approach, parents and educators can provide children with the tools to thrive academically, socially, and emotionally in an ever-changing world.

References

Hirsh-Pasek, K., & Golinkoff, R. M. (2009). The Power of Play: Learning What Comes Naturally. USA.
Finnish National Core Curriculum for Early Childhood Education and Care (2016). Finland.
University of Cambridge (2018). "Playful Learning in Early Education." UK.
Park, H., & Kim, S. (2017). "The Role of Play in Emotional Development." South Korea.
Yoshikawa, H. et al. (2021). Play and Language Development in Early Education. Japan.
Vietnam Ministry of Education and Training (2022). Gross Motor Development in Preschools. Vietnam.
Brown, S. (2010). Play: How It Shapes the Brain. USA.
Marcon, R. (2018). "The Long-term Benefits of Play-based Learning." USA.
PISA (2021). "Global Education Rankings and Play-based Learning." Finland.